Rowe & Wren
← Thyroid guide

Iron, B12 and vitamin D

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The film in words

Your results may include ferritin and iron, vitamin B12, folate and vitamin D.

The thyroid needs iron to make T4 and T3, and low iron is often found with an underactive thyroid, especially in pregnancy.

Iron tablets can stop levothyroxine being absorbed, so doctors recommend taking them four hours apart. Some multivitamins contain iron.

Vitamin B12 helps make red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy. Guidance for doctors lists autoimmune conditions, such as thyroid disease, as a risk for low B12.

Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles. In autumn and winter, when UK sunlight isn’t strong, the NHS advises everyone over 5 to take 10 micrograms a day.

Guidance for doctors is to offer a coeliac disease test when autoimmune thyroid disease is diagnosed, and when low iron, B12 or folate has no clear cause.

Avoid high doses of vitamins or supplements, unless your doctor advises them.

Sources: British Thyroid Foundation: diets and supplements; NICE NG239; NICE NG20

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General information, not a diagnosis. Your GP can tell you what your results mean for you.